passler



2 Sheet',s- Shee1il l. P. PASSLER.

Patented July 10,1888.

(No Model.)

MAGAZINE PIRE ARM.

NoL 385 (No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2. F. PASSLER.

MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

,875. Patented July 10, 1888.

UNITED STATES PATENT QEETCE.

FRANZ PASSLER, OF OTTAKRING, NEAR VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

MAGAZINE FIRE-ARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersrPatent No. 385,875, dated July 10, 1888.

Application filed October 20,1887. Serial No. 252.939. (.\'o model.)

To all wwnz it may concern;

Be it known that l, FRANZ PASSLER, of Ottakring, near Vienna, Empire' of Austria-Hungary, a subject ofthe Emperor of Austria-Hungary, residing at Ottakring, near Vien na, have which use detachable magazines and reciproeating breech-bolts and firing-pins.

The object of said invention is to provide improved means for holdingl and releasing the magazine, feeding the cartridges to the space orA passage before the breech-bolt, expelling the shells, and withdrawing all obstructions,

to the entrance of a new magazine. These objects I eect by the use of the construction and combination of devices hereinafter set forth and claimed. d

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a pistol embodying my invention. Fig. 2 represents a vertical longitudinal section of the same, the ends of the barrel and stock being broken away and so'me of the parts being shown in elevation. Fig. 3 represents a plan view of the pistol. Fig. 4 represents a vertical transverse section looking rearward on the line :v .fr of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 represents a vertical longitudinal section ofthe breech bolt, showing the firing-pin and-its spring in elevation. Fig. 6 represents a side elevation of said breech-bolt inverted to show the L-shaped slot in which works the lug on the firing-pin. Fig. 7 represents a detail perspective View of the firing-pin. Fig.

8 represents a similar view of the trigger. Fig. 9 represents a similar view of the cartridge-bar, the trigger, and the magazineholder, illust-rating the alternative methods,

of withdrawing said cartridgebar. Fig. 10 represents a detail view of the springA for the cartridge-lifter; Fig. 11, the cartridge-lifter; Figs. 12 and 13, the magazine, and Fig. 14 a part of the casing with guide-grooves.

A designates the stock of a magazinepistol embodying my invention; B, the barrel; C, the intervening casing; D, the breech-bolt; E, the firing-pin; F, the trigger for operating the breech-bolt, and G the scar-trigger for holding and releasing the said ring-pin.v

The upper part-of casing C is provided with a tubular passage, c, of greater diameter than the bore of the barrel and extending in aright line therefrom to and through the rear end of said casing. In the side wall of this passage, near the forward end, is an opening, c', for the escape or removal of cartridge-shells after discharge. There is a corresponding opening at the bottom of the same part of the passage communicating with a magazine-chamber, C', in t-he lower part of said casing. Internal angesL-one on each sideof said magazinechamber, at the top thereof-allow cartridges to be forced up between them into said passage, but do not allow the magazine itself, hereinafter described, to ascend beyond them. Au internal guide-lug, c, near the rear ends of said openings, fits an L-shaped groove, d, in the breechbolt, said lgroove extending backward longitudinally from the forward end of saidbreeclibolt a'distance corresponding to the forward motion of said bolt, hereinafter described, and terminating in a short lateral extension, which allows the said breech-bolt to be turned a little on its axis when this forward motion is ended. The material of said breech-bolt on the forward face of this lateral extension will lock with said guide-lug after this turning and'prevent the'withdrawal of said breech-bolt;'but to more effectually insure this locking I have provided the said breech-bolt near its middle with a shoulder, D2, having a considerable rearward face, and have provided the passage c with a lateral and downward extension, c4, having a corresponding shoulder, c5, at the rear'cnd of it. The axial turning of the breech-bolt at the end of the forward movement, as stated, will cause the former shoulder to be in position for locking against the latter shoulder and preventing recoil of the breech-bolt.

The firing-pin E is arranged within the breech-bolt D, and protrudes, both normally and in the act of discharge, through `the forward end of said breech-bolt sufficiently far to explode a cartridge. vIt also slides freely through the rear end of said breech-bolt, which consists of a nut, D, screwed onthe bod y-fthereof. A spiral spring, E', surrounds this firing-pin E, and bears at its forward end against an enlargement, e, thereof. The rear end of said spring bears against nut D3, so that IOO the tension of said spring may be increased or diminished thereby. Either the tiring-pin or the .breech-bolt may be moved -longitudinally with regard to the other, and when in use both are thus moved alternately. To allow the firing-piu to be held stationary for preserving the tension of this spring during the forward motion of the-breech-boltand afterward until the .spring thus putnnder tension is set free -the positions thus taken.

to act, I provide said firingpin with'a lug. e', whiehextends into an L-shaped slot, d', of said breech-bolt, and give this lug a forward face at right` angles to the axis, this face being normally in contact with a vertical pin, g, which has a loose connection with the pivoted Sear-trigger G, and moves up and down with the vibration of the latter through an opening into the passagec near therear end thereof. The slot d corresponds in arrangement to the slot d aforesaid, and allows the longitudinal and axial mot-ionof the breech-bolt, the lug e acting, as does the lug c3 aforesaid, 'with relation'. to the wall-of the slot.

For the operation of the pistol,it is necessary that the tiring-pin should at Vfirst remain motionless while the breech-bolt'advances, compressing the pin, then' that the breechbolt should be locked against recoil, then that the firing-pin should b'e released, in order that the spring E may throw it forward and vexplode the cartridge, the forward and axial motion'of the breechbolt and the forward motion of the ring-pin requisite to eect these results being reversed while the parts are restored to their normal position, preparatory to another shot. To eli'ect these motions, the trigger F is provided with an oblique upward and forward extension, F', having near its upper end a slight-lycurved slot, f, which re'- ceives a pin, I. projecting radially from the breech-bolt. The shape ofthe slotfis so ar ranged with relation to the vibration of the trigger F on' its pivot F and the position of the pin I that the pressure of the operators Lfinger on said trigger causes the breech-bolt te move forward and then turn into its locking position, the reverse procedure being effected by a forward motion of said finger and the lower part of the trigger. A spring, J, bears against the said trigger F and resists its motion in either direction, holding itin The lower end of this trigger is annular to receive the finger, and provided with a rear slot, f', to receive the rear end of the scar-trigger aforesaid, in order that a continuance of pressure bythe finger after the spring E has been put under tension and the breech-bolt D has been locked against recoil may opcrate'said Sear-trigger to free the firing-pin and allow discharge. The senr-trigger is provided with a replacing spring, K, both of the springs J K being in the stock A, except their operative ends.

`The nut DB is provided with a flange, D, transverse tothe axis of the'\b\reeehbolt,which tits into a slot, rv, in the top of casing G at the rear end of'lhev latter. 11 `The said nut is also recessed to receive therear wall of the casing behind said slot, and the rear part of said nut, behind said slot,`overhangs the rear face of said wall. This' construction of the nut and the casing allows the said nut to be made of larger diameter than the body of the breeehblock, which is convenient, without interfering with the axial motion of the latter. The forward end of the breeeh-bolt is provided with a springeatch, L, which acts as a cartridge-extractor when the breech-block moves backward.

M designates the magazine, which is a casing of sheet metal fitting removably into the magazineehamber C and extending down below the casing (l. It is ofsufiicientwidth and depth to conveniently hold a pile ofcartridges, m, lying singly one on another, the lowest of the pile being inclined, in order that the pressnre of thepivoted cartridge-lifter or feedingbar N may be applied thereto at rightangles. The uppermost cartridge is horizontal, and the intervening cartridges occupy all the iutermediatepositions. Of ,course` the lowest cartridge is moved successively into eaeh'of these as it is lifted toward the position for discharge. To allow and guide this motion,

.the frontand rear of the magazine are curved 'downward and forward, the curvature of the rear wall being,` the greater, especially toward the bottom. The bottom of the magazine is also inclined, and both the front and bottom are slotted to allow the feeding motion of the cartridge-1ifter and the withdrawal' thereof withoutimpedimeut,l The top of the magazine is provided on the sideedgcs with elastic inwardly-inclined iianges m', opposite the cartridge base, which prevent the accidental dislodgment of the cartridges in handling or transporting a magazine filled with them, but will yield so as to allow the cartridgebase to be forced up through them when the end of thecartridgebar O is forced transversely in under the upper eartridgethrough anvopening, mi, in one` of the side walls of the magazine. The bullet end of the cartridge is similarlj,7 held in position by a springcateh, 111.3, attached to the front of the magazine near the top thereof. This catch has aniuwardly and downwardly inclined lip extending over the top of the front of the magazine. Each cartridge is inserted obliquely from the front of the top of the magazine, which is unfianged except toward the rear. l The base of the car-- tridge passes under the flanges m', and the bulletpresses obliquely on the lip of springcatch m", so as to force -this catch back until the bullet is below it. The catch then springs back into its former position, and the oartridges are held within the magazine, as stated. The back of the magazineis provided nearer its upper than its lower end with a shoulder, m, presented downward and having an upward incline. This incline forces back a springpressed magazine-holder, P, which is pro-r vided with a beveled tooth, p. The said tooth snaps under the shoulder m4 and holdsA the magazine in place. This'magazine-holder is merely a small bar pivoted at its upper end within casing C, having a milled thumb-piece, P', below said casing. A spring, Q. forces it into engagement with the shoulder m". A pin, R, on its rear face bears against a beveled lug. o, on the cartridgebar O forward ofthe pivot o' of the latter. As the pivot p of the magazine-holder is horizontal and the pivot oof4 the cartridge-bar is vertical,the rearward motion ofthe thu rnb-piece P not only withdraws the toothp from below the shoulder mt, lont also turns the cartridge-bar O on its pivot, so as to withdraw its bent holding end o2 from the opening m2 in theside of the magazine. Thus a single motion of said thumb-piece removes every obstacle to the insertion of the magazine M into the magazine-chamber C or its withdrawal therefrom.

It is necessary to withdraw the 'end oZ of cartridge-bar O in like manner before the next lower cartridge can pass above it. To this end I provide the upward extension, F', of trigger F with a lateral lug, F, which wipes against an incline, 03, on the outer rear corner of the cartridge-bar.gving the requisite pivotal motion to the latter. This operation takes place during the latter part of the rearward pressure of the lower end of said trigger. After the cartridgebar is released, in either case, a spring, O', restores it to its normal position, with the bent end o2 within the magazine,and lifting the rear end of the upper cartridge, m. To allow this latter action, the upper face ol' said end ol2 is inclined. The lower face of it is' inclined also, to facilitate the entrance of said end between the upper cartridge and the one next below it.

As the cartridges cannot be fed upward out of the magazine while the spring-catch 'ms is in its normal position, the sides of this catch are provided with ears m5, which enter guidegrooves g/,formed inthe side walls of the maga.-

zine-chamber C', near the front end of the latter. These grooves are inclined forward and upward for the upper half of their lengtli,and consequently the lip of the spring catch is withdrawn from over the bullet ends of the cartridges as the magazine is passed upward. When the magazine is drawn down or otherwise dislodged from the magazinechamber, the spring-catch returns to its normal or holding position.

The cartridge-lifter N is an arm or lever pivoted at its forward end between lugs b, extending downward from barrel B, this end being rou nded,like the corresponding part of a knifeblade, to receive' the pressure of the middle part of a spring, S, which is secured at both ends to the under side of said barrel,and holds the said cartridge-lifter securely either in itsA forward or its rearward position. The former is the position to which it is turned for allowing theinsertion or removal ofthe magazine, the latter is its normal position; and when it is therein the spring S forces a curved extension, N', of said cartridge-lifter np against thelowest cartridge in of the pile, steadily feeding them upward unt-il all are discharged. The spring S is recessed in the middle to it between the lugs Z1, and provided with shoulders s on each side thereof, so that said lugs guide and brace the said spring. The upward pressure of this cartridge-lifter is resisted by the `cartridge-bar O u ntil the holding end ofihelatter is withdrawn. By their combined action the cartridges are supplied regularly one at a time to the space above the magazine-chamber. A removable plate, T, fits intogrooves in the casing C, so as to protect the internal operative mechanism, but allow convenient access thereto at will. The tiring-pin E is provided with alongiludinal slot, y, to receive a guide pin or screw which may be passed down through an opening in the top of breech-bolt D. This slot has a lateral extension near its outer end to allo7 the axial motion of said breech-bolt independent of said tiring-pin, for the purpose' of locking the firing-pin ont of action. This slot and guide-pin are not necessary to the operation of the pistol.

vIn using this pistol the trigger F is first pressed back to allow the insertion of the magazine M, thus removing both the trigger itself and the cartridge-bar O from obstructing positions. The magazine is then passed into place, the magazine-holder yielding to allow such insertion, and securing it afterward,as described The cartridge-lifteris then turned into its rearward position against the cartridges m. The trigger F is then moved forward, returning the breech-bolt and ringpin to their rear pol. sitions and opening the passage c above the uppermost cartridge. The cartridge-bar 0 vthen lifts the base of the upper cartridgel through the flanges m', and the cartridge-lifter N raises the forward end of the cartridge still farther, so that it po'ints obliquely upward and forward toward the bore ot' the barrel. The A trigger F is then pressed, moving the breechblock forward. The front end of the breechbolt strikes the base of the cartridge, sliding said cartridge upward into a horizont-al position and pushing itinto the barrel. The trigger then turns the breech-bolt into locking position, as already described, the spring F/being, under strain. A still further pressure of the trigger F allows the finger to press the sean.

trigger and free the firing-pin,when the spring E throws thelatter violently forward and explodes the cartridge in the barrel. The next forward motion of the linger andtrigger causes the breech-bolt and firing-pin to move back together, and the extractor on the end of the breech-bolt, which has caught over the rim of the cartridgebase,withdraws the empty shell into the passage c. Simultaneously the upward pressure of the cartridge-lifter forces the next cartridge agai nst the said shell and causes it to iiy out through the side opening in the 4` seams casing C, already described. This operation may continue until the magazine is exhausted.

If it is preferred to insert or withdraw the cartridge while the finger end of the triggeris in its forward position,this may be made pracmay be light, yet have the requisite strength,

the sides are provided with ribs r, as shown; but these are not essential. Although I have described and shown a pistol, the same construction and combination of devices may obviously be used with aride, fowling-piece, or other form of fire-arms.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In magazine fire arms, a magazine for cartridges, a breech-bolt and a tiring-pin reciprocating in the space above said magazine, a eartridge-bar arranged opposite an opening in the side of the magaznejust below the upper cartridge, a spring arranged to move the end of said cartridge-bar through said opening to lift said cartridgaand a trigger connected with said breech-boitand arranged to strike against said cartridge-bar for withdrawing the latter,

l substantially as set forth.

2. A breech-bolt havinga pin anda shon ider on itsside, aring-pinl within said breech-bolt,

Vand a spring hearing V,at one end against the firing-pin and at the other against the breechbolt, a trigger which has a curved slot in its upper extension engaging the pin on said breech-bolt, a Sear-trigger having an attachment arranged to engage a lug or shoulderon the firing-pin, and the casing provided with a shoulder for engaging the shoulder on the breech-block, all substantially as set forth.

3. In magazine fire-arms, the combination of '5o a casing having a magazine-chamber and an opening on one side above said chamber with a magazine tittingin said chamber, a cartridgelifter, a cartridge-bar having reciprocation into the magazine beneath the'npper cartridge, springs actuatingsaid lifter and bar, a breechbolt,and a trigger connected thereto and provided with a lug arranged to strike said cartridge-bar, substantially as set forth.

4. A longitudinally-slotted breech-bolt, a 6o firing-pin within it, a spring in contact with saidbreeeh-boltat one endand with said firingpin at the other, atrigger having a pin-andslot connection with said breech-bolt for reciprocating and turning it, a pin in'contaet with a shoulder on said tiring-pin, and a Sear-trigger connected with said pin thus in contact, the scar-trigger being immediately behind the main trigger in order that the pressure on the latter may operate both triggers, substantially as set forth. l

5. Acartridge-magazine having a shoulder presented downwardin combination with a magazine holder or catch having reci procation below said shoulder, a spring arranged to move 7 5 said magazineholder into engagement with A said shoulder, a handle for withdrawing itfrom such engagement, a cartridge bar having reciprocation through an opening in the side of said magazinejust below the upper cartridge, a spring arranged to force .said cartridge-bar under said cartridge to lift the same, a breechbolt and tiring-pin reciprocating in the space above said magazine, and the easing having a chamber which receivessaid magazine, the cartridge-bar being provided with a Ing or shoulder arranged to be struck by said magazineholder for withdrawing said cartridge-bar, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANZ PASSLER.

Witnesses:

Moms GELBHAUS, TnnonoR GELBHAUS. 

